Professional Analysis by Shenzhen Watch & Clock Quality Test Center (SWQC®)
一、锚点与方法论：为什么需要“两层标准体系”
I. Anchor and Methodology: Why a “Two-Layer Standards Framework” Is Necessary
SWQC®基于长期国际对标实践，梳理新一代新材料腕表的跨境合规检验标准体系，
Based on long-term international benchmarking practices, SWQC® has systematically reviewed and structured the cross-border compliance and testing standards applicable to a new generation of watches incorporating new materials.
为品牌方、出海企业提供检验路径参考与质量证据链搭建指引，具体检测项目可结合自身资源及第三方实验室能力落地。
This framework is intended to provide brands and export-oriented enterprises with clear references for testing pathways and guidance for establishing a quality evidence chain, while specific test items may be implemented based on in-house resources and qualified third-party laboratory capabilities.
近期，以 Hublot Big Bang Unico Winter Sapphire 42 mm 为代表的新一代高端腕表在全球市场与专业圈层中持续走红。
Recently, a new generation of high-end watches—represented by the Hublot Big Bang Unico Winter Sapphire 42 mm—has continued to gain strong traction across global markets and professional horological circles.
（图为Hublot Big Bang Unico Winter Sapphire 42 mm。 )
随着大体积透明合成蓝宝石等新材料被引入传统制表结构，SWQC®也同步收到来自品牌方、代工厂与出海企业的大量问询，
As large-volume transparent synthetic sapphire and other new materials are introduced into traditional watchmaking structures,SWQC® has simultaneously received a substantial number of inquiries from brands, OEM manufacturers, and export-oriented enterprises,
集中聚焦于：这类新材料在跨境销售中的合规检验路径、长期可靠性评估以及关键技术攻关应如何推进。
primarily focusing on compliance testing pathways for cross-border sales, long-term reliability evaluation, and how key technical challenges associated with these materials should be systematically addressed.
正是在这样的背景下，SWQC®特别撰文，对新材料腕表的国际检验框架作一份系统性浅析。
It is precisely under this context that SWQC® has prepared this article to provide a systematic introductory analysis of the international testing framework applicable to watches incorporating new materials.
以 Hublot Big Bang Unico Winter Sapphire 42 mm 为代表的新一代高端腕表，将大体积透明合成蓝宝石用于表壳与表圈等承力与外观一体化结构件。
The new generation of high-end watches represented by the Hublot Big Bang Unico Winter Sapphire 42 mm applies large-volume transparent synthetic sapphire to integrated structural components such as the case and bezel, combining both load-bearing and aesthetic functions.
（图为Hublot独特色调的透明、光泽和坚固的蓝宝石。）
这一突破性用材，带来了前所未有的光学美学体验，同时也伴随着新的结构风险，
This breakthrough in material application delivers an unprecedented optical and aesthetic experience, while simultaneously introducing new structural risks,
形成了美学与风险并存的新场景。
thereby creating a new scenario in which aesthetic innovation and structural risk coexist.
SWQC®在长期国际对标实践中，将此类产品的质量与合规验证拆分为两层标准体系：
Through long-term international benchmarking practices, SWQC® has divided the quality and compliance verification of such products into a two-layer standards framework:
整表功能与可靠性层（Horology / Watch-Level）
Watch-Level Functionality and Reliability (Horology / Watch-Level)
围绕防水、抗震、抗磁、计时精度等消费者与监管最关心的整表功能，
Focusing on complete watch functions that are of primary concern to consumers and regulators—including water resistance, shock resistance, magnetic resistance, and timekeeping accuracy,
采用 ISO/TC 114（钟表技术委员会）的国际标准作为对外“声称（Claim）”与出厂合规的依据。
this layer adopts international standards developed by ISO/TC 114 (Horology Technical Committee) as the basis for external performance claims and factory release compliance.
材料 / 结构件层（Material & Component-Level）
Material & Component Level
针对蓝宝石、先进陶瓷、钛合金、复合材料及镀层的硬度、断裂韧性、弯曲强度、耐腐蚀性能与附着力等本征属性，
Addressing intrinsic material properties of sapphire, advanced ceramics, titanium alloys, composite materials, and coatings—such as hardness, fracture toughness, flexural strength, corrosion resistance, and coating adhesion,
采用 ISO/TC 206（先进陶瓷）与 ASTM C 系列（先进陶瓷力学方法）开展批次一致性、缺陷敏感性与结构安全边界分析，
this layer applies ISO/TC 206 (Advanced Ceramics) standards together with ASTM C-series mechanical methodologies to evaluate batch consistency, defect sensitivity, and structural safety boundaries,
再回溯到整表验证。
with results ultimately traced back to overall watch-level validation.
这一“两层标准”架构，是 SWQC®能够把材料科学与钟表合规统一到同一条质量证据链中的核心。
This “two-layer standards” architecture represents the core methodology that enables SWQC® to integrate materials science and horological compliance into a single quality evidence chain.
二、SWQC®的“国际标准对照检验路径”（从来料到整表）
II. SWQC® ’s International Standards–Aligned Testing Pathway
(From Incoming Materials to Finished Watch)
A. 整表层（Horology）——ISO 主线
A. Watch-Level (Horology) — ISO Standards Backbone
用于定义整表性能声称与出厂合规的技术规格与检验报告体系：
ISO 22810:2010
防水腕表的标识与测试方法
Water-resistant watches — Marking and test methods
ISO 6425:2018（2024 年复审仍有效）
潜水表的综合性能与耐久性要求
Divers’ watches — Functional and durability requirements
ISO 1413:2016
抗震腕表最低性能要求
Shock-resistant wrist watches
ISO 764:2020
抗磁腕表的性能要求
Magnetic resistant watches
ISO 3159:2009
机械天文台表的定义、分类与精度测试
Wrist-chronometers with spring balance oscillator
SWQC®专业提示：
ISO 6425 通过规范性引用 ISO 1413（抗震）与 ISO 9227（盐雾），
将“整表功能性能”与“材料 / 镀层耐久性”纳入统一的国际合规逻辑。
SWQC®Professional Note:
ISO 6425 formally integrates ISO 1413 (shock resistance) and ISO 9227 (salt spray), establishing a globally accepted linkage between watch-level performance claims and material/coating durability.
B. 材料与结构件层——ISO × ASTM 方法学
B. Material & Component Level — ISO & ASTM Methodology
1) 力学核心指标
1) Core Mechanical Properties
用于界定高脆性材料（如蓝宝石）的失效边界、批次一致性与缺陷敏感性：
ASTM（方法学，适用于第三方与企业内控）
ASTM C1327：维氏硬度（耐刮擦与工艺一致性）
ASTM C1161：弯曲强度（承载能力）
ASTM C1421：断裂韧性 K₍IC₎（抗裂纹扩展能力）
ISO（国际可比性）
ISO 14704：单体陶瓷弯曲强度
ISO 18756：单体陶瓷断裂韧性
ISO 20504：陶瓷基复合材料压缩性能
This section defines the failure boundaries, batch-to-batch consistency, and defect sensitivity of high-brittleness materials (such as sapphire) used in structural watch components.
ASTM (Methodological Standards, applicable to third-party testing and internal quality control)
ASTM C1327: Vickers hardness
(Assessment of scratch resistance and process consistency)
ASTM C1161: Flexural strength
(Evaluation of load-bearing capacity)
ASTM C1421: Fracture toughness, K₍IC₎
(Resistance to crack initiation and propagation)
ISO (International Comparability and Harmonization)
ISO 14704: Flexural strength of monolithic ceramics
ISO 18756: Fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics
ISO 20504: Compressive properties of ceramic matrix composites
（图为宇舶表采用陶瓷材料制成的表圈。）
SWQC® 实操结论：
对于蓝宝石表壳、表圈等高脆性承力结构件，
断裂韧性与弯曲强度比单一“硬度指标”更能真实反映实际失效风险。
SWQC® Practical Conclusion:
For brittle, load-bearing sapphire components, fracture toughness and flexural strength provide a far more accurate representation of real-world failure risk than hardness alone.
2) 腐蚀与镀层体系
2) Corrosion & Coating Systems
ISO 9227:2017
盐雾加速腐蚀试验方法
Salt spray corrosion test methods for accelerated environmental exposure
ISO 3160-2:2015
镀层厚度、附着力与耐腐蚀性能评价
Evaluation of coating thickness, adhesion, and corrosion resistance
SWQC®技术解释口径：
SWQC®Technical Interpretation:
ISO 9227 用于评估环境加速影响，
ISO 9227 is applied to evaluate the effects of accelerated environmental corrosion exposure,
ISO 3160-2 用于验证镀层体系自身的结构可靠性与长期稳定性。
while ISO 3160-2 is used to verify the intrinsic structural reliability and long-term stability of the coating system itself.
3) 钛与钛合金来料一致性
3) Titanium & Titanium Alloy Supply Consistency
ASTM B265
钛及钛合金的化学成分、力学性能与表面质量
Chemical composition, mechanical properties, and surface quality of titanium and titanium alloys
——国际通用的来料验收与批次控制语言。
— An internationally recognized standard reference for incoming material inspection and batch consistency control.
三、SWQC® 的“Claim → 标准 → 样件 → 证据”矩阵（对外一页就能说清）
III. SWQC® ’s “Claim → Standard → Sample → Evidence” Matrix
(One Page for Clear External Communication)
通过该矩阵，SWQC®可在单页技术文件中完成对外技术说明与合规沟通，
Through this matrix, SWQC®enables external technical explanation and compliance communication to be completed within a single-page document,
确保每一项性能声称均具备明确标准来源、对应样件与可审计证据。
ensuring that every performance claim is supported by a clearly defined standard reference, corresponding test samples, and auditable evidence.
四、结论：为什么 SWQC® 能把“新材料”变成“可验证的信任”
IV. Conclusion: Why SWQC® Can Transform “New Materials” into “Verifiable Trust”
以 Hublot 的 Winter Sapphire 为锚点，SWQC®通过“整表 ISO 声称验证 + 材料 ASTM / ISO 方法学”的双层体系，
Anchored by Hublot’s Winter Sapphire, SWQC® employs a dual-layer framework—combining watch-level ISO claim validation with material-level ASTM and ISO methodologies—
把材料科学与钟表合规统一在一条可审计、可复现、可国际对标的质量证据链上。
to unify materials science and horological compliance into a single quality evidence chain that is auditable, reproducible, and internationally benchmarked.
在新材料成为高级制表新常态的今天，SWQC® 将持续以国际标准为坐标、以数据为语言、
At a time when new materials are becoming the norm in high-end watchmaking,SWQC® will continue to use international standards as its reference framework and data as its common language,
以智能检测与材料力学为技术底座，为品牌、渠道与终端消费者提供真正可验证的信任。
with intelligent testing and material mechanics as its technical foundation, providing brands, distribution partners, and end consumers with trust that is truly verifiable.
图片来源:
[1]HOBLOT.手表.大爆炸.检索自2026年1月26日
https://www.hublot.com/en-int/watches/big-bang/big-bang-unico-winter-sapphire-42-mm
[2]HOBLOT.我们的世界.工艺.创新材料.检索自2026年1月26日
https://www.hublot.com/en-int/craftsmanship/innovative-materials
[1] HUBLOT. Watches. Big Bang. Retrieved January 26, 2026, from
https://www.hublot.com/en-int/watches/big-bang/big-bang-unico-winter-sapphire-42-mm
[2] HUBLOT. Our World. Craftsmanship. Innovative Materials. Retrieved January 26, 2026, from
https://www.hublot.com/en-int/craftsmanship/innovative-materials
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